Mainly the two probability rules that are used in genetics are the product rule and the sum rule.  * The product rule states that the probability of two or more independent events taking place is equal to the product of their individual probabilities. Two events are said to be independent if the occurrence of one event has no affect on the occurrence of the second event.  example of two independent event :- Tossing a coin two consecutive times (each toss is independent of the other toss). On the other hand ... See the full answer